雅思小作文全攻略：从图表到流程图，一篇搞定高分技巧【附Simon写作9分范文】

2025/4/12 0:06:34

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在雅思写作Task 1中，小作文虽然只占分数的1/3，但却是许多考生容易失分的地方。无论是线图、柱状图、饼图、表格，还是流程图和地图，每种题型都有其独特的写作逻辑和语言表达方式。今天，我们就结合Simon的经典范文和技巧，帮你彻底掌握小作文的写作方法！

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小作文题型

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小作文的核心结构无论什么题型，小作文的写作框架都可以归纳为 “4段式”：（1）引言（Introduction）：改写题目，避免照抄原句。原题：The graph shows the number of cars per household in the UK from 1971 to 2007.改写：The line graph compares the proportion of British households owning cars over a 36-year period.（2）概述（Overview）：总结主要趋势，不写具体数字。Overall, car ownership increased significantly, with more households owning two cars by 2007.（3）细节段落1（Details 1）：选取关键数据进行比较（如*高值、*低值、转折点）。（4）细节段落2（Details 2）：补充剩余重要信息，避免重复。??注意：流程图和地图的概述需说明“步骤数量”或“主要变化”。表格和柱状图需按类别分组比较，而非逐条描述。

不同图表的写作技巧（1）线图 & 柱状图??关键点：描述整体趋势（上升、下降、波动）。比较不同数据线（如“While A increased, B decreased sharply”）。避免：逐条描述每一年的数据。??例句：In 1990, around 5 million people travelled by car, compared to only 2 million by train.By 2025, the number of train users is predicted to rise to nearly 5 million.（2）饼图 & 表格??关键点：突出*大值和最小值。使用“proportion”“account for”“make up”等表达比例。??例句：The largest proportion of expenditure (52.5%) was on heating, while only 15% was spent on lighting.Italy spent the most on toys, whereas Germany had the lowest spending overall.（3）流程图??关键点：使用被动语态（如“The clay is dug, mixed, and shaped into bricks”）。按步骤顺序描述，用“firstly”“then”“finally”连接。??例句：The process begins with the collection of raw materials, followed by mixing and heating.（4）地图??关键点：比较变化前后的布局（如新增建筑、道路调整）。使用方位词（如“to the north of”“near the river”）。??例句：The new supermarket (S2) is located in the town centre, while S1 is situated in the countryside.

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高分语言表达（1）线趋势描述上升下降波动稳定increasedecreasefluctuateremain stablerisefallvarystay constantclimbdrop搭配：The number rose to 50% in 2020.（达到某个数值）The figure increased by 10% compared to last year.（变化幅度）。，（2）比较句型① A比B高/低：The UK had a higher rate than Canada.Spending in France was lower than in Italy.② A是B的两倍/一半：The figure for Japan was twice as high as that for Mexico.Germany’s expenditure was half that of the UK.（3）常见错误避免? Canada was 10 million tonnes.（错误：国家不能“是”数字）? Canada produced 10 million tonnes of wheat.? The number of cars increased sharply in 2000.（不完整）? The number of cars increased sharply from 1 million to 3 million in 2000.

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资料展示（1）总页数：34页（2）总范文数量： 28篇（含完整范文和片段示例）（3）范文分类示例：线图（如英国汽车保有量、美国电话支出）柱状图（如奥运奖牌数、家庭支出对比）表格（如各国垃圾产量、地铁系统数据）流程图（如咖啡生产、水循环）地图（如超市选址、村庄发展）混合图表（如线图+饼图：电力消耗与用途）

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