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语法练习对你来说有多重要，你知道吗？
作者：澎博英语 2020/6/11 15:55:44
做阅读时，定位到答案在原文中出现的位置，却还是没有答对？那可能你需要看看是否会对句子成分做分析啦！长难句就是针对此问题的训练哦！下面我们就从剑4和剑5中抽些长难句来一起探讨下吧！
1. Thescent she carried in her samples and on her body was a message to the otherbees that this was the one they were looking for.（剑4, General Training Test B section 3）
分析：本句的主句为“The scent was a message to the other bees”；“shecarried in her samples and on her body”为定语从句，做The scent的定语，关系词在定语从句中做宾语，因此被省掉；“that this was the one they werelooking for”为that引导的同位语从句，做a message的同位语；“they were looking for”为定语从句，做the one的定语，关系词在定语从句中做for的宾语，因此被省掉。
2. Soonhe would also discover a number of other remarkable facts about how beescommunicate and, in doing so, revolutionize the study of animal behaviorgenerally.（剑4, General Training Test B section 3）
分析：本句的主句为“he would also discover a number of other remarkable factsabout…and revolutionize the study of animal behavior generally”；“howbees communicate”为how引导的宾语从句，做介词about的宾语。
3. Therehad, of course, been dictionaries in the past, the first of these being alittle book of some 120 pages, compiled by a certain Robert Cawdray, publishedin 1604 under the title A Table Alphabeticall ‘of hard usual English words'.（剑5, Test1 passage 1）
分析：本句主句“There had been dictionaries”；“the first of these being a little bookof some 120 pages, compiled by a certain Robert Cawdray, published in 1604under the title A Table Alphabeticall ‘of hard usual English words'”为独立主格结构，其中“compiledby a certain Robert Cawdray”和“published in 1604 under the title A Table Alphabeticall ‘of hardusual English words'”均为过去分词短语作定语，做a little book的定语。
4. It ishighly appropriate that Dr Samuel Johnson, the very model of aneighteenth-century literary man, as famous in his own time as in ours, shouldhave published his Dictionary at the very beginning of the heyday of the middleclass.（剑5, Test1 passage 1）
分析：本句的主句为“It is highly appropriate that… ”, 其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句，即“that Dr Samuel Johnson, the very modelof an eighteenth-century literary man, as famous in his own time as in ours,should have published his Dictionary at the very beginning of the heyday of themiddle class”；在主语从句中“the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man”为DrSamuel Johnson的同位语，“as famous in his own time as in ours”为DrSamuel Johnson的定语。
5. Hisapproach to the problems that had worried writers throughout the lateseventeenth and early eighteenth centuries was intensely practical.（剑5, Test1 passage 1）
分析：本句的主句为“His approach to the problems was intensely practical”；“thathad worried writers throughout the late seventeenth and early eighteenthcenturies”为定语从句，做the problems的定语，关系词为that。
6. He wasto be paid ￡1,575 in installments, and from this he took money to rent 17Gough Square, in which he set up his ‘dictionary workshop'.（剑5, Test1 passage 1）
分析：本句为并列句，“He was to be paid ￡1,575 in installments”和“from this he took money to rent 17 Gough Square, in which he setup his ‘dictionary workshop'.”并列，由and连接；“in which he set up his ‘dictionary workshop'.”为定语从句，做17 GoughSquare的定语，关系词为which。
7. JamesBoswell, his biographer, described the garret where Johnson worked as ‘fittedup like a counting house' with a long desk running down the middle at which thecopying clerks would work standing up.（剑5, Test 1 passage 1）
分析：本句主句为“James Boswell described the garret as ‘fitted up like a countinghouse' with a long desk.”；“his biographer”为James Boswell的同位语；“where Johnson worked”为定语从句，做the garret的定语，关系词为where; “running down the middle”为现在分词短语做定语，做a long desk的定语；“atwhich the copying clerks would work standing up”为定语从句，做long desk的定语，关系词为which。
8. He wasalso helped by six assistants, two of whom died whilst the dictionary was stillin preparation.（剑5, Test 1 passage 1）
分析：本句主句为“He was also helped by six assistants”；“two ofwhom died whilst the dictionary was still in preparation”为定语从句，做sixassistants的定语，关系词为whom；在定语从句中，“whilst the dictionary was still in preparation”为whilst引导的时间状语从句。
9. Thefact that Johnson had taken on the Academies of Europe and matched them(everyone knew that forty French academics had taken forty years to produce thefirst French national dictionary) was cause for much English celebration.（剑5, Test1 passage 1）
分析：本句的主句为“The fact was cause for much English celebration”；“thatJohnson had taken on the Academies of Europe and matched them”为that引导的同位语从句，做The fact的同位语；括号中部分起到解释说明的作用。
10. A fewyears ago, in one of the most fascinating and disturbing experiments inbehavioural psychology, Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40 subjectsfrom all walks of life for their willingness to obey instructions given by a‘leader' in a situation in which the subjects night feel a personal distastefor the actions they were called upon to perform.（剑5, Test 1 passage 2）
分析：本句主句为“Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40 subjects from allwalks of life for their willingness to obey instructions given by a ‘leader' ina situation”；“A few years ago, in one of the most fascinating and disturbingexperiments in behavioural psychology”为状语；“in which the subjects night feel apersonal distaste for the actions they were called upon to perform”为定语从句，做asituation的定语，关系词为which, 其中“they were called upon to perform”也为定语从句，做the actions的定语，关系词在该定语从句中做宾语，因此被省掉。
通过上面10小题的分析，大家有木有发现语法很重要呢！同学们还是要多加实战练习哈！
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